{"id":2582,"date":"2018-05-15T12:42:05","date_gmt":"2018-05-15T12:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/?p=2582"},"modified":"2018-05-15T14:13:15","modified_gmt":"2018-05-15T14:13:15","slug":"why-is-clamp-load-so-important","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Is Clamp Load So Important?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Securing a connection in an application can be more complicated than it appears. To the average person, a clamp is simple \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/what-is-breakaway-torque\/\">turn the screw and the clamp tightens up<\/a>. But when you break down the interactions and try to quantify individual contributions, things aren\u2019t as simple as they appear.<\/p>\n<p>In this article, I will break down the transfer of energy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.normagroup.com\/corp\/en\/products\/#filter=.22\">in a worm-drive hose clamp<\/a> to explore the theoretical framework \u2013 and disclose an interesting relationship between measured load, band tension, and radial load.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>By identifying the common sources of undesirable energy transfer, you can minimize their effect on clamp load.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Load generation begins with the fastener. Energy is introduced into the system by torque applied to the screw, which is converted into strain energy and heat. Heat is an undesirable byproduct of relative movement between mating components.<\/p>\n<p>Two readily apparent interactions occur in the fastener as a) the screw threads interact with the band and b) the bearing surface of the screw head is thrust against the housing. Additional, there is a significant amount of friction between c) the band and the clamped object <strong>(Figure 1)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Three-main-sources-of-heat-and-two-main-sources-of-strain-1024x383.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 1: Three main sources of heat generation during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp. Figure 2: Two main sources of strain energy during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp.\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"383\" width=\"1024\" title=\"Figure 1: Three main sources of heat generation during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp. Figure 2: Two main sources of strain energy during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp.\"  \/><br \/>\n\t\tFigure 1: Three main sources of heat generation during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp. Figure 2: Two main sources of strain energy during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp. <\/p>\n<p>Some clamped objects, such as rigid steel pipes, exhibit relatively low friction coefficients, while others, such as rubber hoses, have friction values which convert significantly higher amounts of energy into heat.<\/p>\n<p>Strain energy is the potential energy stored in a body when deformed \u2013 think springs. As the rotating screw cinches down the clamp\u2019s diameter, the band stretches slightly with the applied load. This tension in the band is the preferred energy transfer because it results in clamp load. Additionally, there is some strain energy developed in the hardware to oppose the bending moment generated by non-axial loading of the screw <strong>(Figure 2)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Two-segment-test-fixture-and-two-main-sources-of-strain-during-rundown-1024x341.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 3: Two segment test fixture based on DIN 3017-4 method for band tension. Figure 4: Two main sources of strain energy during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp.\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"341\" width=\"1024\" title=\"Figure 3: Two segment test fixture based on DIN 3017-4 method for band tension. Figure 4: Two main sources of strain energy during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp.\"  \/><br \/>\n\t\tFigure 3: Two segment test fixture based on DIN 3017-4 method for band tension. Figure 4: Two main sources of strain energy during rundown of a worm drive hose clamp.<\/p>\n<p>Now, ignoring all undesirable effects, let\u2019s focus on just the clamp load that is generated. There are a variety of ways for measuring and reporting clamp load, and most engineers have seen this reported as either band tension, radial load, or in spider charts of measured load.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not obvious how the different reported values correlate. A typical measuring device is simply a round mandrel that is divided into segments \u2013 anywhere from 2 to 8 segments is common <strong>(Figure 3 shows a two segment fixture, Figure 4 shows eight segments)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Now, to make sense of the measurement, one must distinguish between the following force values:<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\tMeasured Load<\/p>\n<p>The amount of load measured by the test equipment. This may be a single value for a two segment test fixture or multiple values (i.e. eight segment).<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\tBand Tension<\/p>\n<p>The amount of tension in the band.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\tRadial Load<\/p>\n<p>The load applied to the clamped object in the radial direction. It is the force that results from clamping pressure.<\/p>\n<p>Deriving band tension for the two segment fixture is somewhat intuitive. When considering the free body diagram and assuming equal distribution of clamp load <strong>(Figure 5)<\/strong>, the measured force is twice the band load.<\/p>\n<p>However, it\u2019s not clear how the measured load relates to radial load. Also, it is not possible to conduct the same analysis for band tension with the eight segment fixture. A general correlation between measured load, band tension, and radial load is shown in <strong>Figure 7<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Free-body-diagram-of-two-segment-fixture-and-and-spider-chart-of-measured-loads-from-ABA-test-method-1024x340.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 5: Free body diagram of two segment fixture (ignoring friction). Figure 6: Spider chart of measured loads from ABA test method.\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"340\" width=\"1024\" title=\"Figure 5: Free body diagram of two segment fixture (ignoring friction). Figure 6: Spider chart of measured loads from ABA test method.\"  \/><br \/>\n\t\tFigure 5: Free body diagram of two segment fixture (ignoring friction). Figure 6: Spider chart of measured loads from ABA test method.<\/p>\n<p>Interestingly, these equations show that the radial load generated by a clamp is equal to the integral of the band tension around the circumference. So converting between radial load and band tension is as simple as scaling the values by a factor of 2\u03c0.<\/p>\n<p>This relationship emphasizes the importance of generating uniform band tension to ensure proper sealing function. Furthermore, by identifying the common sources of undesirable energy transfer, one can target designs attributes to minimize their effect on generating clamp load.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Correlation-between-measured-load-band-tension-and-radial-load.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 7: Correlation between measured load, band tension and radial load.\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"272\" width=\"614\" title=\"Figure 7: Correlation between measured load, band tension and radial load.\"  \/><br \/>\n\t\tFigure 7: Correlation between measured load, band tension and radial load.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The answer is quite simple: the clamp load ensures the reliable function of fluid systems and connections in general. Our expert Brian Ignaczak explains what is concealed within this technical term.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":2606,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[122,65,38],"class_list":["post-2582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-expertise","tag-technology","tag-torro-clamp"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why Is Clamp Load So Important? - NORMA Group Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The answer is quite simple: the clamp load ensures the reliable function of fluid systems and connections in general. Our expert Brian Ignaczak explains what is concealed within this technical term.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why Is Clamp Load So Important? - NORMA Group Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The answer is quite simple: the clamp load ensures the reliable function of fluid systems and connections in general. Our expert Brian Ignaczak explains what is concealed within this technical term.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"NORMA Group Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/normagroup\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-05-15T12:42:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-05-15T14:13:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Pr\u00fcfstand-zur-Messung-der-Vorspannkraft-bei-der-NORMA-Group-in-Maintal.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"506\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Brian Ignaczak\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@norma_group\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@norma_group\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Brian Ignaczak\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Brian Ignaczak\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5f957e8d13675b787af96c3330c8b7d6\"},\"headline\":\"Why Is Clamp Load So Important?\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-05-15T12:42:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-05-15T14:13:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/\"},\"wordCount\":706,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Pr\u00fcfstand-zur-Messung-der-Vorspannkraft-bei-der-NORMA-Group-in-Maintal.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Expertise\",\"Technology\",\"TORRO Clamp\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/\",\"name\":\"Why Is Clamp Load So Important? - NORMA Group Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/en\/why-is-clamp-load-so-important\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blog.normagroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Pr\u00fcfstand-zur-Messung-der-Vorspannkraft-bei-der-NORMA-Group-in-Maintal.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-05-15T12:42:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-05-15T14:13:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"The answer is quite simple: the clamp load ensures the reliable function of fluid systems and connections in general. 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